A Review on Water Desalination Technology and Economics

Maha A. Faroon; Zainb A.A. AL Saad; Ahmed Naseh Ahmed Hamdan

A Review on Water Desalination Technology and Economics

Authors: Maha A. Faroon (1), Zainb A.A. AL Saad (2), Prof. Dr. Ahmed Naseh Ahmed Hamdan (3)
Assistant lecturer, Civil Engineering Department, Engineering College, University of Basrah, Basrah, Iraq (1)
Lecturer, Civil Engineering Department, Engineering College, University of Basrah, Basrah, Iraq (2)
Assistant Prof, Civil Engineering Department, Engineering College, University of Basrah, Basrah, Iraq (3)
Email: ahmed.hamdan@uobasrah.edu.iq
doi.org/10.52132/Ajrsp.e.2022.43.2

Abstract:

Water is essential for life on earth. There were civilizations everywhere there was water. The issue of severe freshwater shortage on Earth results from the planet's limited freshwater resources, quickly growing human population, and improving living standards (mainly due to industrial and agricultural advancement). Numerous studies and research programs have focused on the future of the water situation and the quest for non-traditional water sources, such as desalination. Desalination has been regularly employed since the 1960s. Major technologies have improved efficiency, dependability, and cost since then. MSF served as the standard thermal technique for many years. The most advanced thermal process is MEE. However, it is not commonly employed. Since reverse osmosis (RO) has surpassed MSF as the most popular desalination method, it needs to be used as a standard. Desalination technology costs have significantly decreased over the past 30 years due to research and development that has reduced energy usage and improved design. Table 1 lists desalination methods according to their anticipated prices. Most of the costs associated with desalination are related to capital expenditure and energy prices, whereas expenses like operation and maintenance are almost constant.

Keywords:

Desalinating, Multi-stage flash, Multi effect desalination, Vapor compression.

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